As a general rule the Leo is a strong and healthy dog. 
however, as with most breeds they are prone to a variety of health problems.  With a careful breeding plan this can be minimised, if not avoided altogether. Below I have included some basic information relating to these health issues.   For further information please visit the links to Leo-Health watch......Life Expectancy: 10 - 12 years.

Please Note
"I must stress that there are reputable breeders around that breed to improve the health of this majestic breed. They stay clear of dogs with inheritable diseases and or traits and do the best they can to improve the quality, health, longevity and temperament in their Leonbergers"

HIP DISPLASIA

Hip dysplasia means an abnormality in the development of the hip joint.  It is characterised by a shallow acetabulum (the "cup" of the hip joint) and changes in the shape of the femoral head (the "ball" of the hip joint).  These changes may occur due to excessive laxity in the hip joint. It can exist with or without clinical signs.

Is Hip dysplasia inherited?

This is an inherited condition, but not all dogs with the genetic tendency will develop clinical signs. Multiple genetic factors are involved and environmental factors also play a role in determining the degree of hip dysplasia. Dogs with no genetic predisposition do not develop hip dysplasia.

What breeds are affected by Hip dysplasia?

Most large breeds.

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ECTROPION

Ectropion is a defect of conformation in which there is a sagging or rolling-out of the eyelids. This results in abnormal exposure of the eye, which often leads to irritation.

Is ectropion inherited?

It is likely that several genes that affect the skin influence ectropion and other structures that make up the eyelids and that affect the way the skin covers the face and head.

What breeds are affected by ectropion?

Most commonly seen in dogs with exaggerated facial features where it is often a breed characteristic.

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CATARACT

A cataract is any opacity within a lens. The opacity can be very small (incipient cataract) and not interfere with vision. It can involve more of the lens (immature cataract) and cause blurred vision. Eventually, the entire lens can become cloudy, and all functional vision lost. This is called a mature cataract.

Is Cataract inherited?

 Most cataracts in dogs are inherited. The cataract may develop rapidly over weeks, or slowly over years, in one or both eyes. Like humans, dogs also develop cataracts with age (often after 8 years of life). Cataracts can also develop in dogs with diabetes mellitus or in orphan puppies on an artificial milk replacer diet.

What breeds are affected by Cataract?
Any breed can be effected by this blinding disease.

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POLYNEUROPATHY

Polyneuropathy means "many abnormalities of the nervous system". The condition is generally characterised by a lack of coordination and instability that leads to a laboured gait.

Is Polyneuropathy inherited?
Many nervous system disorders that affect both dogs and people are inheritable.

What breeds are affected by Polyneuropathy?
Mostly the Alaskan malamute but cases have been discovered in the Leonberger.

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LARYNGEAL PARALYSIS

Loss of function in the laryngeal muscles, that normally open the larynx when an animal breathes in. This is caused by degeneration of certain nerves involved in normal breathing. The result is airway obstruction, to varying degrees, causing loud and laboured respiration.

Is Laryngeal paralysis inherited?

Yes. In the inherited form, signs are usually seen before 6 months of age.

What breeds are affected by Laryngeal paralysis?

Any breed, including the Leonberger.

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ADVICE
Affected dogs should not be bred from, or with, where inheritance is suspected. 
Close relatives should be carefully evaluated for signs of this problem before being used for breeding. Breeding of the parents (carriers of the disorder) and siblings (suspect carriers) should be avoided.